Vancomycin-associated linear IgA disease mimicking toxic epidermal necrolysis

Abstract Linear IgA dermatosis is a rare subepidermal autoimmune blistering disease characterized by linear deposition of IgA along the basement membrane zone. In the last three decades, many different drugs have been associated with the drug-induced form of the disease, especially vancomycin. We report a case of vancomycin-induced linear IgA disease mimicking toxic epidermal necrolysis. The aim of this work is to emphasize the need to include this differential diagnosis in cases of epidermal detachment and to review the literature on the subject and this specific clinical presentation.

New drugs, new challenges for dermatologists: mucocutaneous ulcers secondary to everolimus

Everolimus, a mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, is an emerging drug, which is being increasingly applied in oncology and solid organ transplantation. Oral ulcers are a frequent side effect associated with this immunosupressor. We report the case of a renal transplant recipient who developed disfiguring oral and perianal ulcers secondary to everolimus's toxicity. This is probably the first report of perianal involvement. Dermatologists need to be aware of the potential mucocutaneous adverse effects related to these new drugs that are becoming evermore common in our clinical practice.

Contralateral hippocampal volume influences surgical outcome in patients with MTLE and similar degree of ipsilateral hippocampal atrophy / O volume hipocampal contralatral influencia o desfecho cirúrgico de pacientes com ELTM e grau semelhante de atrofia hipocampal ipsilateral

Objective: to investigate the relationship between hippocampal atrophy (HA) and surgical outcome in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Methodology: we compared 34 patients free of seizure (GroupA) with 33 patients with persistent seizures after surgery (GroupB). All had preoperative diagnosis of unilateral MTLE by EEG and MRI evidence of unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (HS) by visual analysis. We performed hippocampal volumetry using high resolution T1 MRI (1mm) in all patients and in 30 healthy controls. Results: Z-score (Mean±SD) of affected hippocampus was -2.58±1.29 in GroupA and -2.57±1.47 in Group-B (p=0.98). The Z-Score of contralateral hippocampus was significantly lower in GroupB, compared to GroupA (p=0.038). Grouping all patients, smaller hippocampal volumes in the affected side were associated with history of meningitis (p=0.049), febrile seizures (p=0.049) and absence of family history of epilepsy (p=0.049). Conclusions: Ipsilateral HA was more severe in patients who had febrile seizures and meningitis, and in those without family history of epilepsy, supporting the notion that in the absence of genetic predisposition, more severe cerebral insult is necessary to induce epileptogenesis. Less favorable surgery outcome for unilateral MTLE was associated with smaller hippocampal volumes contralateral to the operated side, suggesting that surgery is less effective when bilateral damage exists, even when it is not detectable by visual MRI analysis...

Objetivo: investigar a relação entre atrofia hipocampal (AH) e resultado cirúrgico de pacientes com epilepsia de lobo temporal mesial (ELTM). Methodology: comparamos 34 pacientes livres de crises (grupoA) com 33 pacientes que permaneceram com crises após cirurgia (GrupoB). Todos apresentavam o diagnóstico pré-operatório de ELTM unilateral por EEG e RM com sinais de atrofia hipocampal (AH) unilateral na análise visual. Realizamos volumetria do hipocampo utilizando imagens T1 de RM de alta resolução (1mm) em todos os pacientes e em 30 controles sadios. Resultados: o Z-score (Média±DP) dos hipocampos afetados foi -2.58±1.29 no GrupoA e -2.57±1.47 no GrupoB (p=0.98). O Z-score dos hipocampos contralaterais foi significativamente menor no grupoB comparado ao grupoA (p=0.038). Agrupando todos os pacientes, volumes hipocampais menores no lado afetado foram associados à história de meningite (p=0.049), crises febris (p=0.049) e ausência de história familiar de epilepsia (p=0.049). Conclusão: AH ipsilateral foi mais acentuada em pacientes com antecedente de crises febris e meningite, e naqueles sem história familiar de epilepsia, reforçando a ideia de que na ausência de predisposição genética, um maior insulto cerebral seria necessário para induzir epileptogenesis. Um resultado cirúrgico menos favorável na cirurgia para ELTM unilateral foi associado a menores volumes hipocampais no lado contralateral ao lado operado, sugerindo que a cirurgia é menos efetiva quando há dano bilateral, mesmo quando não detectado por analise visual...

Perforating granuloma annulare mimicking papulonecrotic tuberculid / Granuloma anular perfurante simulando tuberculide papulo-necrotica

A case is reported of a patient presenting lymph node tuberculosis and cutaneous lesions resembling papulonecrotic tuberculid, but histologically compatible with perforating granuloma annulare and which responded satisfactorily to antituberculous therapy. This is probably one of the first reports of the association of perforating granuloma annulare and tuberculosis, and it is important therefore to highlight the relevance of this disorder in the differential diagnosis of papulonecrotic tuberculid and to raise the hypothesis that this entity should also be considered to be a variant of tuberculid.

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente com tuberculose ganglionar e lesões cutâneas clinicamente sugestivas de tubercúlide pápulo-necrótica, porém com histopatologia compatível com granuloma anular perfurante, e que apresentaram melhora após tratamento para a tuberculose. Trata-se, possivelmente, de um dos primeiros relatos da associação de granuloma anular perfurante com tuberculose, salientando a importância desta entidade no diagnóstico diferencial da tubercúlide pápulo-necrótica e levantando a possibilidade da mesma ser considerada, também, uma variante de tubercúlide.